Abstract Affirmative Free Essays

Abstract affirmative (AA) action is a policy that the government created for counteracting discrimination against people. This happened for the reason of presenting people the chance of gaining equal opportunities for employment education and business. Many of our formal presidents has authorized executive orders that was meant for all hiring to be free from discrimination of race, color, or national origin with all government contractors and the other specifically for associations that had accepted federal contracts and subcontracts intended to end discrimination within the workforce towards individuals where the focus was on race, color, religion, and national origin. We will write a custom essay sample on Abstract Affirmative or any similar topic only for you Order Now Soon after affirmative action was changed to include no prejudice against ones gender. Affirmative action consequently established preferential treatment towards all minorities and women in the hiring process and the chance to receive a higher education. affirmative action holds private employers accountable as well. during the civil rights movement affirmation action was a tool that proposed opportunities for women and minorities and to provide equality for them. there are noted changes in how colleges recruit and enroll students housing and also how using public transportation where now blacks can sit anywhere since Rosa Parks. Since affirmative action was primarily intended on improving chances for African Americans in employment and education but there is still a low percentage of improvement that is why an executive order was signed and it required all government and private industry jobs to increase the number of women disable individuals and minorities to either receive employment or to have the ability to gain an education or have additional training for work enhancement. There are numerous organization that uses affirmative action and equal employment opportunity policies within their business structure there is still a controversy today surrounding these issues. I researched to see if equal employment opportunity and affirmative action policies mean the same thing. equal employment opportunity definition is that it bans all types of discrimination. this means that no matter the race or gender everyone has the same chance of obtaining and getting promotions and the added incentive of training as the workforce continues to grow. But then affirmative action focus on past discrimination acts which were meant to give women, disabled individuals, and minorities an equal footing in gaining employment and a higher education. it was to create equality between the workers and employers however it has caused extra adversity in the workforce. because many believed that jobs held by whites were being jeopardized. has affirmative action been consistently and effectively used to create a more robust and productive workforce I would say yes; affirmative action has made it possible for many to see and earn their desired goals such as their life dreams. I feel that there are still many obstacles but if one applies themselves there are no limitations. Barak Obama was our nation’s first black president and there are many who hold prominent leadership roles that which also includes women. recently in the news it was announced that the FBI for the first time in history may have a woman heading this department. though affirmative action has come a long way there are those who still discriminate and don’t offer equal chances for others to succeed. Affirmative action has allowed the workforce to become more diverse in races genders and cultures. we must remember that the affirmative action is not about letting minorities to get into college or to get a job but it’s about giving qualified individuals no matter their race a chance that they may not get otherwise. in conclusion has affirmative action been consistently and effectively used to create a more robust and productive workforce i would say yes it has worked extremely well. I hope to see it continue because there are many more who could benefit from this program. How to cite Abstract Affirmative, Papers

Dantes inferno free essay sample

Dante Alighieris The Inferno has been renowned as a great classic of western literature. To completely understand the direction of the novel you must to read between the lines. There are many reasons as to why Dante gave his sinners such specific punishments. Most of these punishments were closely related or the opposite of the sins committed. Irony is seen in many ways throughout The Inferno. As Dante takes you through his version of Hell he uses imagery to describe each of his nine levels, its sinners, and their punishments. The first time irony is seen in Dante Alighieris The Inferno is at the entrance to the nderworld in circle three. This part of Hell holds the Gluttons and the chief sinner Cerberus. In life the Gluttons over indulged in almost everything. Their actions were grotesque, ugly and wasteful. Their actions in life eventually lead to their punishments in Hell. We will write a custom essay sample on Dantes inferno or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As their punishment the sinners were rained on by dirty rain, and garbage. The sinners also had to stand in worms that were decomposing their mess. The punishment that Dante gave them illustrates irony in more than one way. In life the sinners overindulged in everything, especially food. Therefore they will orever have to live in an environment with garbage and food all around them. Another way irony is seen is in the three headed dog, Cerberus. Cerberus was always eating and he was never satisfied which is an exact parallel to the sinners lives. Because Cerberus was never satisfied it was easy to see that he represented the sinner group of Gluttons. Irony is also seen in the fourth circle. This level of hell is home to the Hoarders and the Squanderers. In life the Hoarders kept everything even if they no longer needed it. They wanted to keep things Just for the sake of holding possession over it. However, they did not appreciate or cherish anything they held. They did not seem to have any sympathy for the less fortunate who hardly held the bare minimum. On the other hand the Squanderers threw everything away. They were very unappreciative of their belongings. Both groups of sinners were very wasteful. In return Dante punished them by proving to them that they were all wrong. The sinners were then forced to push stones against each other, both sides saying the other is wrong in the way that they managed their possessions. They struck each other; at that point, each urned around and, wheeling back those weights Why do you hoard? Why do you squander? (Alighieri 145) Because the sinners each represented an opposite end of the spectrum they worked against each other to balance each other out. The sixth circle holds the Heretics. This punishment was Dantes first cruel physical punishment. In life these sinners went against God. The Heretics believed that everything died with the body and that there was no soul. In Dantes hell they were locked in burning tombs for all eternity. Dante not only punished them with hot and crowded tombs, but also made them suffer through dying eternally. They were not allowed to see the present only the past. Dante used fire as a symbol of Gods love; it consumes the sinners in torture. The sinners will never be able to escape Gods love in hell. walked over the bridge in canto XVII he looked down only to see the Flatterers plunged in excrement that seemed as if had been poured from human privies. (Alighieri 143) In life the Flatterers were always spewing excrement through flattery and they now, ironically enough, will be immersed in it for eternity. In the same circle the Panderers and Seducers are held. In life the Panderers and Seducers forced others to do their dirty work. They would walk the streets as prostitutes selling their bodies. In Hell they were punished by having to walk on either side of a ditch on the street but they were not permitted to stop. Because these sinners willingly walked up and down the street in life they were then forced to do it for all eternity without a destination. Dantes punishment took into account what the sinners did in life and forced them to do it without being able to stop. One of Dantes more creative punishments were for those who sinned within the flesh or were lustful. These sinners were forced to forever float in the hellish hurricane with the person they committed the sin with but they could not touch each other. This was a very ironic punishment because the sinners committed lustful acts with these people and will now be forced to look at them without being able to touch them forever. It was like torture for the sinners to be able to see each other but not touch one another. Irony is also seen in the eighth circle Bolgia four that holds the Fortune Tellers and Diviners. These sinners attempted to move themselves forward in time. This sin was distortion of Gods law, so as part of their punishment their bodies were to be distorted for all eternity. The sinners also had to walk backwards forever with their heads on backward as well and their eyes blinded with tears. I saw that each of them was hideously distorted between the top of the chest and the lines of the jaw (Alighieri 161). In circle eight Bolgia five Dante highlighted the symbolism of the punishment of the Grafters. These sinners committed the crime of stealing from people that they knew. The sinners in this level of hell were penalized by being immersed in a sticky ubstance that they could not break free from. This substance was meant to symbolize the sinners sticky fingers that they used to committed sins in life. The sticky pit also served as a way to hide the shameful faces of the sinners in this level of Dantes Hell. l saw the pitch; but nothing in it (Alighieri170). In life these sinners had sticky fingers and stole many if their possessions so their punishment was to forever be stuck in one place. The next time irony was used in the novel was in circle seven. This circle holds the sinners who were violent against their neighbors. Their punishment was set according to the degree of their guilt. The punishment these sinners received was to forever wade in boiling blood. If ones sin was less severe they do not have to be in a deep part of the river. In life the sinners were very violent and witnessed or contributed to a lot of blood shed therefore in the underworld they forever had to live in boiling blood. There we shall find a river of boiling blood in which are steeped all who struck down their fellow men (Alighieri 94). Irony is illustrated again in circle eight Bolgia seven. This level of hell holds the Thieves. The sinners punishment in this level of hell was to be constricted by a snake always reforming from their ashes. In life these sinners were thieves whose greatest asset were their hands so in Hell they would not be able to use their hands forever. Their hands were bound behind by coils of serpents which thrust their heads and tails between the loins an bunched in front, a mass knot of torments (Alighieri 198) The above examples give insight to the intended irony in Alighieris novel. Irony is demonstrated by using Juxtaposition throughout each of the nine levels. Dantes unishments were often the opposite of what the groups intended with their sins.

Is Shakespeares portrayal of a patriarchal Verona ironic and subversive, or is the play an endorsement of male power Essay Example

Is Shakespeares portrayal of a patriarchal Verona ironic and subversive, or is the play an endorsement of male power? Essay In order for me to answer the essay question the definition of patriarchy must first of all be established. The Oxford English dictionary describes patriarchy as a system of society or government ruled by men, suggesting that a patriarchal society is a society in which men completely dominate everything, such as political life and domestic life. Feminist critic Sasha Roberts supports this meaning as she defines patriarchy as a society dominated by men. During the Elizabethan period, brawls and feuds were part of peoples daily routine. Joan Homler views the constant quarrelling as a daily reality for the Elizabethans. In Romeo and Juliet the feud between the families of Montague and Capulet is a feud so ancient nobody recalls its genesis, and yet it is so widespread it threatens civic order. Although feuds were very common, they were mainly between factions of the aristocracy Sasha Roberts depicts this irrelevant-violence as a crucial facet of masculinity and also suggests that a certain faction of the aristocracy used duelling as a means of asserting power. Coppelia Kahn agrees with this patriarchal reason for feuding as she argues that feuding was the medium through which criteria of patriarchy oriented masculinity is voiced. The feuding appears to symbolise the malevolent masculinity that pervades Elizabethan England. The historian Robert Lacey, in his book, Robert, Earl of Essex, contributes to this view saying: We will write a custom essay sample on Is Shakespeares portrayal of a patriarchal Verona ironic and subversive, or is the play an endorsement of male power? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Is Shakespeares portrayal of a patriarchal Verona ironic and subversive, or is the play an endorsement of male power? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Is Shakespeares portrayal of a patriarchal Verona ironic and subversive, or is the play an endorsement of male power? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In such an age of naked brutality and casual bloodshed it was no coincidence that Shakespeares plays should centre on personally inflicted acts of justice and revenge Although Shakespeares period is ruled by a woman, Elizabeth I, it was a patriarchal society and this is reflected in Romeo and Juliet however, whether Shakespeare endorses male power or attempts to subvert it, is the question I will be exploring in this essay. In the opening scene of Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare presents various phallic images, through sexual slang and innuendo, which suggest a patriarchal Verona. For instance, Sampson, a Capulet servant, is conversing with Gregory, another Capulet servant, about his desires to sexually assault the Montague women: and thrust his maids to the wall. (Act1 Scene1, lines 16-17) This reference to rape from Sampson symbolises his status and power over women. It is possible to imply that Shakespeares choice of language is an indication of his endorsement of a patriarchal society. Another example which suggests Shakespeares support of patriarchy is during Sampson and Gregorys conversation: and therefore women being the weaker vessel are ever thrust to the wall. (Act1 Scene1, lines 14-15) Shakespeares decision to use the biblical term weaker vessel, derived from The First Epistle General of Peter, (chapter 3, verse 7), gives the idea that women are the weaker sex. Shakespeare appears to supports patriarchy as he suggests that Christianity fortifies patriarchy and therefore suggest that his beliefs are justified. Shakespeare is also associated with supporting patriarchy in the opening scene through his choice of dictions which introduce strong phallic images; to stand (Act 1 Scene 1, line 8) and long sword (Act 1 Scene 1 line 66) in a phallic perspective suggest to have an erection; tool (Act 1 Scene 1, line 30) and naked weapon (Act 1 Scene 1 line 32) both present an image of a phallus. Shakespeares attempt to imprint these phallic imageries into the mind of the audience can be interpreted as Shakespeare supporting patriarchy as he is suggesting that the phallus can be used to gain power and dominion over women and even possibly men. Although, as Sasha Roberts suggests, each generation rewrites Shakespeare for its own purposes it seems directors such as Baz Lurhmann have tried to direct their interpretation of Romeo and Juliet as Shakespeare would have done if he was alive today. To reflect Shakespeares possible support of patriarchy it appears Lurhmann includes elements such as very tall buildings in the opening scene, which create phallic images, and in turn they create a symbol of male power. Another element in Lurhmanns interpretation of Romeo and Juliet which suggests he believes Shakespeare supports patriarchy, is obtained from the male supremacy created in Tybalts character. He is presented in spaghetti-western style, which indicates his possessing of great authority and power, subsequently suggesting that generally all men possess this supremacy. The language employed by Shakespeare in the opening scene can be analysed as Shakespeares way of intensifying his support of the patriarchal society that existed during the Elizabeth Is reign. His use of lewd language seems to serve as a way of bringing forth his endorsement of patriarchy and as a dramatic function, as Molly Mahood suggests. In Romeo and Juliet the plot is enveloped in patriarchy particular in the Capulet household. And it is in the Capulet household were most forms of patriarchy are endorsed or challenged by the mother figures of Lady Capulet and the Nurse. In Lady Capulets first appearance on stages she challenges Capulets action and behaviour: Capulet: Give me my long sword, ho! Lady Capulet: A crutch, a crutch! Why call you for a sword? (Act 1 Scene 1 lines 66-67) This sarcastic intervention is challenging patriarchy as sword meant penis in contemporary sexual slang and she arguably insults Capulets virility by suggesting his sword is inappropriate and redundant. Lady Capulet again criticizes her husbands behaviour saying, Fie, fie you are too hot (Act 3 Scene 5 line 176). Lady Capulet appears to be challenging a patriarchal society in which men are irrelevantly violent. Another example of patriarchy being subverted is found when Lady Capulet threatens to put Capulet under surveillance: Ay, you have been a mouse- hunt in your time, / But I will watch from such a watching now. (Act 4 Scene 4 line 11-12) Again it is possible to suggest that patriarchal authority is being subordinated, as Lady Capulet is reversing what as being described as the patriarchal gaze, in which women were subjects to mens surveillance. The Nurse is also part of this defiance of patriarchy as she fights for Juliet saying God in heaven bless her! (Act 3 Scene 3 line 168). In addition to this, she expresses her disapproval of Capulet saying you are to blame, my lord, to rate her so. (Act 3 Scene 3 line 169). From this it is apparent of Nurses subversion of patriarchy. Although both Lady Capulet and the Nurse challenge patriarchy they also endorse patriarchy and accept the inevitable defeat to men. The Nurses use of bawdy language, which encourages Romeo to stand up, stand, and you be a man (Act 3 Scene 3 line 87), is an example of the Nurse endorsing patriarchy. The Nurses use of stand bears a bawdy resonance of the erected penis and in doing so it appears she recognises that there is no way to bring to an end the patriarchal dominance of her society. Lady Capulets endorsement of patriarchy takes place when she rejects her daughter: Talk not to me, for Ill not speak a word. Do as thou wilt, for I have done with thee. (Act 3 Scene 3 lines 202-203) Lady Capulet appears to be commanding her daughter, just like Capulet always does, but this time to submit to a patriarchal society just like she herself has. Through this Lady Capulet has endorsed patriarchy when she aligns herself with him and his control over Juliet. It is impossible to establish a full conclusion as to whether Romeos character is weak or strong and passive or assertive; this is due to various examples of Romeo being each of these characteristics. For instance Romeo is portrayed as a weak character is through his refusal to be aggressive and to quarrel with Tybalt. Another example of Romeos weakness is witnessed during his feminine behaviour as he cries after being banished from Verona. Friar Laurence criticizes his effeminacy, saying Art thou a man? Thy tears are womanish. (Act 3 Scene 3 lines 108;109) Friar Laurence reveals his attachment to patriarchal assumptions of feminine weakness and masculine mastery, and it is also clear that he believes, tears are conceived to be a sign of emotional vulnerability which should be only found in women. Friar Laurence also describes Romeo as an ill-beseeming beast (Act 3 Scene 3 line 112) that is unseemly woman in a seeming man (Act 3 Scene 3 line 111). Friar Laurence is suggesting that Romeo is behaving in an inappropriate manner like a woman; whereas men, by contrast, should show more strength and assume their position as the head of the house. However Romeo is viewed to be behaving in a completely contrasting manner. You can see this by the rash decision he makes: he is compelled to sneak into the Capulets garden just to catch a glimpse of her. This shows how strong his character is, and that he is assertive rather than being weak and passive. Nevertheless I am unable to suggest that Romeo character is definitely strong and assertive as there are other examples which suggest he is weak and passive. Shakespeare puts considerable emphasis on male bonding and friendship. This is, according to feminist critics, due to the fact that male friendships of the play are partly responsible for the tragedy that falls on Romeo and Juliet. It is this male friendship which leads to the demise of Mercutio and Tybalt who both die, and Romeo who is banished from Verona, and loses his true love: Mercutio is insulted by Romeos persistence to not fight that he decides to fight on Romeos behalf. Consequently, Tybalt murders him. It is at this point that male bonding conflicts with love for a wife; Romeo at first refused to fight Tybalt because he loves Juliet in such a way that he rejects his masculinity. However, after the death of Mercutio, the male bonding is rapidly ignited and Romeo kills Tybalt for Mercutios soul (Act 3 Scene 1 line 117). As Sasha Roberts suggests the bonds between men are defended to the death, unlike the female bonds which are strong but are not protected fiercely, possibly because of mens patriarchal obsession. Shakespeare at this point in the play has clearly endorsed patriarchy by pointing out how it is strongly defended, compared to matriarchy. It can be considered ironical that the two characters, Capulet and Old Montague, who are the ultimate symbols of a patriarchal Verona, are also the prime examples of anxious men. They are both anxious about the possibilities of losing their omnipotent status: Capulet is apprehensive about his ever more challenging and disobedient daughter, Juliet and also prospect of losing power to Tybalt; while Old Montague is agitated and alarmed about being overtly out-classed by Capulet. This suggests that although Shakespeares portray of Verona is endorsed, there is possibly an ironic sensation to this depiction. The idea of romantic love appears to be rejected by Shakespeare as his play ends with Romeo and Juliet dying, rather than living happily ever after, like a typical love story. It seems that this end on a tragic note is Shakespeares way of suggesting that romantic love is destined for failure. This notion of Shakespeare rejecting romantic love is intensified as this concept is yet again incorporated by him in A Midsummer Nights Dream, where the two lovers Pyramus and Thisbe s faith concludes unhappily with their death. From this is possible to suggest that Shakespeare, a likely supporter of patriarchy and the masculine ideas that follow patriarchy, viewed romantic love as an opposition of patriarchy and therefore reflects his rejection of romantic love in Romeo and Juliet as an indication of his endorsement of patriarchy. Like Romeos character, it is also moderately difficult to come to a definite climax about Juliets character. On her first appearance is submissive, conventional and demure, but rapidly matures to womanhood. Feminist critic Sasha Roberts describes Juliet as far from being a simple, conventional heroine. She views her as a multidimensional character bringing forth the idea that she is a multifaceted and versatile character. Sasha Roberts also views Juliet as an unruly woman: Rather than representing a female ideal Juliet evokes the problematic figure of the unruly woman; the woman who challenges patriarchal dictates and social convention. This idea that Juliet is very much an assertive character is noticeable in many scenes, one of them being the balcony scene in which she has double the number of lines as Romeo, dominates the conversation and continuously orders Romeo Well do not swear (Act 2 Scene 2 line 116). This dominance, including her subversion against patriarchy has made me conclude that Juliets character is strong and assertive. Over the years many critics have raised many questions surrounding Mercutios character, and the most famous question seems to be, is Mercutio a misogynist? In my opinion having read his infamous Queen Mab speech, Mercutio appears to be a misogynist. This view has being constructed due to Mercutios reference to women as merely sexual and reproductive objects rather than subjects: This is the hag, when maids lie on their back, / That presses them and learns them first to bear, / Making them women of good carriage. This is she- (Act 1 Scene 4 line 91-93). His use of the word hag- an incubus or nightmare that induced evil, suggests his true feelings of repulsion towards women. Coppelia Kahn take these lines to reveal Mercutios fear of giving in to the seething nighttime world of unconscious desires associated with the feminine, from this it appears Mercutio is a misogynistic character. In Terry Hands 1973 RSC production he deliberately emphasizes the latent misogyny and sexual anxiety present in Mercutio during the Queen Mab speech: Mercutio carried a grotesque, coarse-featured, life-size female doll, upon which he vented clearly sado-masochistic sexual loathing which was both deeply-disturbed and equally disturbing. In this pivotal moment of the play it is very apparent of Mercutios misogynistic characteristic. Capulets unfair treatment of Juliet and his family widely reveals how, in Shakespeares epoch, fathers controlled the lives of wives and daughters and also regarded them as possessions. This treatment reflects the subordinate position of women during the Elizabethan period. An example of this is Capulets commandment over his wife, go you to her ere you go to bed, this mirrors the reality that women had limited personal autonomy; their status and roles were subject to the tyranny of patriarchy and their rights were restricted, legally, socially and economically. Having analysed the question of patriarchy in Romeo and Juliet, I conclude that there is insufficient evidence to conclude whether Shakespeares portrayal of a patriarchal Verona is endorsed or subverted and ridiculed. This is due to various examples which support both ideas; for example Romeos effeminacy and Juliets assertiveness can be viewed as Shakespeare subverting patriarchy; however the dominance of male characters such as Capulet, Tybalt, Mercutio, Benvolio and Sampson, and also the inclusion of a biblical term which hints that patriarchy is accepted can both be viewed as Shakespeares support of patriarchy. In my opinion, another element which could affect how the audience views Shakespeares portrayal of a patriarchal is the interpretation of Romeo and Juliet, for example I recently saw a production of Romeo and Juliet performed by an all-boys school. In this production the homo-eroticism of the play is emphasized and there appeared to be an ironic and subverted depiction of a patriarchal Verona, due to an all male cast. Overall the ambiguity of Shakespeares portray of Verona has made it very difficult to come to a definite conclusion therefore I end this essay by suggesting that Shakespeares opinion of patriarchy, obtained from the Elizabethan society and reflected in his portray of Verona, is that of both subversion and endorsement.

Food Coffee and Seattle Essay

Food Coffee and Seattle Essay Food: Coffee and Seattle Essay Jessica Greene When the city of Seattle is mentioned in conversation the first thing that comes to most people's mind is the Space Needle, but the second is probably coffee. Seattle is filled with coffee: Starbucks, Tully's, Seattle's Best Coffee, and many other coffee shops. So what is it like to live in Seattle and not like to drink coffee? Well I know that answer to that question first-hand. I can count on one hand the number of times that I have tasted coffee, and each time I had the same response: "Yuck!" I do not like coffee, I have never liked coffee, and I do not think I ever will like coffee. In Seattle, coffee is not just a drink with caffeine that is made in the morning to get the day started; coffee seems to be a drink that people cannot live without. People drink coffee with breakfast, with lunch, with dinner, before bed, and whenever they have a free moment. In Seattle, drinking coffee has become a social event. I cannot count the number of times that my friends and I have gone out for coffee, as if it is the same as going to the mall or watching a movie. I do not understand the fascination. I like to drink Diet Dr. Pepper, but I do not ever invite people to go out and drink some Diet Dr. Pepper with me. I do not understand is why I am looked upon as strange because I do not like coffee. Coffee is just a drink. I know a ton of people who prefer diet sodas, to regular sodas, but neither group is considered odd by the other; yet the fact that I do not chose to drink coffee is unthinkable to coffee-drinkers. My mom has told me that I will grow into liking coffee, but why do I need to grow into it? I am not lacking in nutrition by not drinking coffee, and I certainly do not feel like I am missing out on anything in life by not drinking coffee. Yet many people have tried to change my mind. Many of the times that I have "gone out for coffee" with my friends one of them has tried to push his/her drink on me with the notion

Advantages of Economic Growth

Advantages of Economic Growth Economic growth can be defined as a process for indicating the increase or decrease in per capita GDP. There are a lot of other factors such as increasing in aggregate income of the individuals reflect economic growth. Economic growth is usually calculated as the rate of GDP changes in a particular period. The total of goods and services produced considered as a reflection for economic growth in the country. It can either be negative or positive in depend on the decrease or increase compared to data of previous years. Negative growth is often indicated to economic recession. When the GDP of a country increases means there is a economic growth existed in the country or the global economies Advantages of Economic Growth. Standard of living of the people will increase Economy growth is an important point to bring better living standards and lower rates of poverty. The average income of people can said that increases and indirectly people able to consume more and motivate the economic growth increasing. Rising Employment Economic growth stimulates employment. The economic growth produces more vacancies for job and bring better standard of living to them. Increased capital investment. Economic growth can used to increasing the capital investment. Benefit to Government Economic growth brings advancedÂÂ  tax incomes for the government, Because of this, the government spends less unemployment benefits. Superior public services. Due to government got government income as economy growth, it can spend more on public services like education for contributing in superior public services. EnhancedÂÂ  businessÂÂ  confidence Economic growth creates positive effect as encourage people running their businesses. As profits of small firms and business increase with economic growth, their business confidence and will to grow up to meet more challenges. Disadvantages of Economic Growth. inflation Potential High and rising inflation will occur due to demand grows faster than long run productive. It may destabilizing for an economy as interest rate may increase and can cause a loss of competitiveness in international markets Regional disparities Although average living standards may be rising, there is a gap between rich and poor. It can widen the issues of poverty and make a wide gap between different regions. Pollution Economic growth never separated from environmental issues. Rapid growth of production and consumption may create environment pollution such as sound and air pollution and road congestion. Environmental damage may bring negative effects on our quality of life. For the example, road congestion will produce more Co2 in a high density area. The health of residents in that area will been affected. Relationship between unemployment and economic growth. How does unemployment affect your economy? Wealth drainage The government need provides monetary assistance when someone unemployed, so a high unem ployment rate means that it has to pay more fund to help a large number of unemployed people. It is creating a heavy burdenfor a government. Wealth is drained for unproductive purposes and economic growth slows down. Slack in flow of money Unemployment slows down the circular flow of income by the lack of money inflow and outflow. When money does not pump into the economy, its growth becomes slowed down even stuck.

Financial overview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial overview - Essay Example For this purpose, the raw material will be collected on a donation basis from the general public through online and off line advertisement, and designers and artists would be recruited from the target customers to convert that raw material into products. Therefore, the initial investment on the collection of raw material would be negligible, and most of the investment would be spent on the setting up of retail and flag shops, and the development of websites and other online platforms for interaction between the customers and the business owner. The business is aimed to be launched in three cities simultaneously. The overall budget is estimated to be around $50,000. The following is the chart representing the breakdown of the budget for the venture: The fluctuation in the exchange rate of the currency as regards foreign currency is a major determinant when choosing international markets for the launch and operation of businesses. The Japanese market is quite volatile in this regard (Reuters, 2011); it is determined that the Japanese Yen has gone from  ¥76 to  ¥84 in relation to U.S. dollar in the past six months this year (Reuters, 2011). This is a great increase on the price of the dollar, of more than ten percent (Reuters, 2011), and is testament of a relatively unstable business environment. Multi national companies hesitate to invest in a market with currency values fluctuating in the values of more than one percent (Reuters, 2011). To counter this risk of business failure, GAAFE would wait till the launch time coincides with the highest currency value so that maximum profits could be attained. If a low value

Storm Drainage Design Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

Storm Drainage Design Project - Essay Example The height of rainfall and the river discharge in terms of the river level were shown on the vertical axis using two different scales. Height of rainfall is plotted in terms of millimetres, while river level (river height) is plotted in terms of 1 x 10-1 meter. For example, the river height observed at 00:00:00 of October 12 is 0.283 meters, but in plotting the hydrograph, 0.283 was multiplied 10 and plotted as 2.83, instead. This scheme was utilised for aesthetic purposes in the desired hydrograph. Data were, however, analyzed using the original value and unit of the river level per hour of observation. As illustrated in Figure 4, river started to rise in the river at 11:00:00 hours on October 13 when rainfall reached its first peak at 1.20 mm. Interestingly, the second rain peak (also at 1.20 mm.) occurred after 10 hours at 21:00:00 of the same day (October 13). It may be observed from the hydrograph that as the second peak of the rainfall approached, river flow also reached a mini-peak. From hereon, the rising limb of the river flow was very clearly defined. From the first peak of rainfall, the basin lag time was calculated to be 22 hours. This means that it took 22 hours after the first peak of rainfall for the river flow to reach its peak. From the second peak of rainfall, the basin lag time was 12 hours. The average discharge for the rising limb (Q1) of the river flow is calculated as follows: The duration for the peak flow to return back to base flow is 46 hours. Several factors which affect the characteristics of storm or rainfall hydrographs have been described from existing literature. Each of these factors were analysed with respect to the River Cynon hydrograph. The catchment area of 160 sq. km. (Environment Agency – Wales, 2005) is considerably large, which should explain the long lag time of 22 hours before the river flow reached its peak. A large catchment area also tends to receive more precipitation, and subsequently